野生狭叶荨麻种子形态与萌发特性的研究

A study of germination characteristics and morphology of wild Urtica angustifolia seed

以野生狭叶荨麻种子为材料,观测其外部形态和活力,分别采用15,20,25,30和35℃不同温度条件与50,100,300和500mg/L4种赤霉素浓度以及98%浓硫酸、35%氢氧化钠不同时间浸种,研究狭叶荨麻种子的萌发特性。结果表明,荨麻种子长958.72μm、宽534.85μm,当年收获的种子活力为83.25%,种子卵形,淡黄色,千粒重为0.1045g。最适萌发温度为25℃,发芽率为42.67%。用98%浓硫酸和35%的氢氧化钠处理,能提高其发芽率,酸蚀以5min、碱蚀以15min为宜,赤霉素浸种对发芽率无明显影响。

The aim of this research was to observe external morphology of Urtica angustifolia seed and detect seed vitality under different conditions. The wild U. angustifolia seeds were incubated at 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, or 35℃, with 50, 100, 300, or 500 mg/L gibberellin, and with seed soaking in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and 35% sodium hydroxide for different times. The length and width of U. angustifolia seeds were 958.72 and 534.85μm. U. angustifolia seed vitality of those harvested in 2008 was 83.25%. U. angustifolia seed was yellow-gray, and the 1 000-seed weight was 0. 104 5 g. The optimum germination temperature for U. angustifolia seeds was 25℃, which gave a germination rate of 42.67%. The seed germination rate was enhanced by soaking in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 5 min and 35% sodium hydroxide for 15 min, but gibberellin had no effect on germination rate.