农村电网改造中的无功平衡及优化补偿方式

Reactive Balance and Optimal Compensation for Upgrading Rural Power Grids

从无功与电压、线损三者相互影响的关系出发分析无功补偿基本原则,结合农村电网结构和负荷特点,分析农村电网无功功率的特点及现状,探讨了目前农网普遍采用的随机补偿、随器补偿、跟踪补偿的原理与适用范围。在此基础上,提出了从线路末端入手,以补偿低压电动机和配变为主,辅之线路补偿,以取得补偿优化经济性的新原则。重点探讨了以"等网损微増率"原则来进行农网无功补偿的方式,从降低线损和无功补偿经济当量两方面计算了无功补偿的投资与收益,实际算例表明,作者提出的原则切实可行,对于实施无功优化补偿、提高农电企业经济效益具有实际意义。

The basic principles of reactive compensation are analyzed by the relation between reactive power,voltage and line loss.Combining the rural power structure with load specialty,the reactive power characteristics and the actuality of rural power grid are analyzed.The prevalent methods,such as random compensation,transformer compensation and tracking compensation,their principles and application scopes were discussed.On the basis of this,a new principle that can get optimal economic operation is proposed.It starts with the end of the line,and it gives priority to compensating low voltage motor and distribution transformer.Line compensation is auxiliary.It lays emphasis on a discussion of the compensation method of ＂equal incremental loss＂.From the two facets of decreasing line loss and reactive power compensation economic equivalence,it calculates the investment and benefits of reactive compensation.The actual experiment indicates that the principle is practical.It is important to implement the optimal reactive compensation and the benefit of the agricultural electrical power enterprises.