近代豫西南社会衰败与社会冲突之考察

Investigation into Social Decay and Conflicts in Modern Southwestern Henan——A Case Study of Nanyang Basin

文章以南阳盆地为个案,从政局动荡、商业萧条、农村社会衰败等方面分析了近代南阳盆地走向衰败并进一步演化为"盗匪世界"的主要因素。"民变"、"杆子"、"枪会"等不同形式的社会反抗与冲突不断。由于政府层面的"不作为",士绅阶层也没有采取有效措施缓解社会矛盾,各种形式的社会反抗未能起到缓解社会冲突的作用,反而加剧了社会的衰败程度,致使南阳盆地社会生态恶性循环,陷于不停的动荡之中。

This paper is a case study of Nanyang Basin investigating into the main factors such as political turbulence,commercial depression,and rural decline that led to the social decay in modern Nanyang Basin which in time fell to the rampant bandits.Diverse social revolts and clashes like civil commotion and peasant uprising,and bandits＇ rebellion arose continually.Meanwhile,the government neglected its duties and the local gentry did not take effective measures to alleviate the conflicts.As a result,those social revolts of various forms aggravated the social decay in the region rather than relieving the clashes there.The social ecology was thus caught in a vicious circle of incessant unrest.