虚拟团队信任影响因素实证研究

The Empirical Research on Influencing Factors of Virtual Team Trust

虚拟团队的信任是人力资源管理与组织行为学领域的一个重要研究课题。相比较对传统面对面团队信任影响因素的大量研究,虚拟团队信任影响因素的研究尤其是实证方面的研究相对较少。本文在对虚拟团队产生背景、虚拟团队信任及其影响因素研究现状分析的基础上,整合个体、团队及组织三大层面,综合分析影响虚拟团队信任的个体特征(正直、能力、善意、信任倾向)、团队特征(领导有效性、目标明确性、任务依赖性、成员异质性)、组织特征(组织制度保障性、组织愿景)三层面十大因素,构建了虚拟团队信任影响因素的研究框架,进而提出相应的研究假设。通过选取实际企业中的虚拟团队为研究样本,验证这些因素对虚拟团队信任的影响。经实证研究发现,正直、能力、善意、信任倾向、领导有效性、目标明确性、任务依赖性、组织制度保障性、组织愿景均正向影响虚拟团队信任,而成员异质性则并非如先前所假设的那样成为虚拟团队信任的影响因素。

Trust of Virtual Teams is an important research topic in the field of Human resource management and the science of organizational behavior. Compared with the plenty of research on influencing factors of traditional face-to-face teams, there is little research on those of virtual team trust, especially the empirical study. Based on the analysis of the origin backgrounds of virtual teams, and the current research situation of influencing factors on virtual teams trust, it is integrated in this paper that the influencing factors from individual level （integrity, ability, benevolence, prosperity to trust）, team level （leadership effectiveness, object definitude, task interdependence, member diversity） and organizational level （organization insurance, organization vision）, then the research framework is established, following by the research hypothesis. We select the research samples from the actual working virtual teams in businesses, and verify the influence of all the above factors on the trust of virtual teams. It is found through the empirical research that integrity, ability, benevolence, prosperity to trust, leadership effectiveness, object definitude, task interdependence, organization insurance, organization vision all has positive influence on the virtual team trust, while not as previously hypothesized, member diversity has no influence on the virtual team trust.