西沙群岛8种热带海参的骨片形态特征

Morphological character of ossicles in eight tropical holothurians in the Xisha Islands of China

利用扫描电子显微镜对我国西沙群岛8种海参(棘辐肛参Actinopyga echinites、图纹白尼参Bohadschia marmorata、黑海参Holothuria atra、红腹海参H.edulis、象牙参H.fuscopunctata、黄乳海参H.fuscogliva、格皮氏海参Pearsonothuria graeffei、糙刺参Stichopus horrens)背部皮层的骨片形态和种类进行观察和研究。结果表明,8种海参的骨片包括桌形体、假桌形体、花纹样体、穿孔板、杆状体、扣状体、假扣状体、C形体和X形体等9种类型。其中黑海参的杆状体以及格皮氏海参、黄乳海参、图纹白尼参和棘辐肛参的穿孔板为新发现的骨片形态,象牙参的骨片种类和形态为首次描述。

The dorsal skin ossicles of eight tropical holothurians in the Xisha Islands were observed by scanning electronic microscope（SEM）.The results showed that nine kinds of ossicles,including table,pseudo-table,rosette,perforated plate,rod,button,pseudo-button,C-shape and X-shape,were found in eight holothurians.Two kinds of ossicles were observed in Holothuria edulis,Actinopyga echinites and Holothuria fuscogliva;four kinds were observed in Bohadschia marmorata and three kinds were observed in the remaining holothurians,including Stichopus horrens,Holothuria fuscopunctata,Pearsonothuria graeffei and Holothuria atra.A type of table and a type of perforated plate were observed in Holothuria edulis;a type of rosette and a type of perforated plate were observed in Actinopyga echinites;a type of button and a type of table were observed in Holothuria fuscogliva;three types of rosettes,a type of rod,a type of X-shape and a type of perforated plate were observed in Bohadschia marmorata;two types of tables,a type of rosette and a type of C-shape were observed in Stichopus horrens;a type of button;a type of pseudo-button and a type of table were observed in Holothuria fuscopunctata;a type of perforated plate,a type of rosette and a type of pseudo-table were observed in Pearsonothuria graeffei;a type of table,a type of rosette and a type of rod were observed in Holothuria atra.Compared with the previous reports about holothurians ossicle,some new findings,including ossicles of Holothuria fuscopunctata,rod of Holothuria atra and perforated plate of Pearsonothuria graeffei,Holothuria fuscogliva,Bohadschia marmorata and Actinopyga echinites,were observed and described in this study.