心理史学方法与唯物史观关系探讨

Relationship between the Method of Psychological History and Historical Materialism

长期以来,中国史学界传统上认为,心理史学方法作为一种"唯心"的研究模式,与作为史学研究指导思想的唯物史观是互相对立和排斥的。本文通过梳理心理史学方法学理发展过程,并从唯物史观的核心观点"物质实践活动"入手,探讨心理史学方法与唯物史观的关系,认为两者的关系是统一的,不是对立的。唯物史观需要用心理史学方法来开创新的研究领域;心理史学方法需借助唯物史观来解决自身的缺陷。二者相互结合,可以进一步推动历史研究的深入发展。

For a long time,Chinese historians believe that the traditional method of psychological history as an＂idealist＂research mode,and historical materialism as the guiding ideology of historical research are mutually antagonistic and exclusive.In response to this traditional concept,the author of this article by combing through the process of doctrinal development,and based on＂material practice＂—the core of historical materialism,explores the relationship between method of psychological history and historical materialism,pointing out that the relationship between them are unified,rather than confronted;historical materialism needs to adopt psychohistorical ways to open up new areas of research,while psychohistorical methods rely on historical materialism to solve their own shortcomings;and the combination of them can promote the further development of historical research.