喷灌与地面灌溉冬小麦根系生长和分布的比较研究

Research on root growth and distribution of winter wheat under sprinkler and surface irrigation

以中优9507为材料,采用大田试验的方法,在分析喷灌和地面灌溉条件下冬小麦农田土壤水分分布特征的基础上,研究了不同灌溉下方式下冬小麦根系生长与分布状况。在根系发育达峰值的开花期,在0～30cm土壤表层,喷灌条件下冬小麦根长密度和根重密度大于地面灌溉,在土壤中下层(30～100cm),喷灌条件下冬小麦根长密度和根重密度小于地面灌溉。在根系逐渐衰老的灌浆期,在土壤表层,喷灌条件下冬小麦根长密度和根重密度仍大于地面灌溉。结果表明:在根系生长发育过程中,喷灌有利于根系在土壤表层发育,地面灌溉则促使根系在土壤中下层发育较多。在根系衰老过程中,与地面灌溉相比,喷灌延缓了根系的衰老。

Using Zhongyou 9507 as experiment material,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the root growth and distribution of winter wheat based on the analysis of soil water distribution characteristics in winter wheat field under the conditions of sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation.During flowering stage of winter wheat,within surface soil layer of 0 to 30cm,both root length density and root weight density of winter wheat under sprinkler irrigation were much higher than that under surface irrigation, within middle and lower soil layer of 30 to100cm,both root length density and root weight density were lower than that under surface irrigation.During grain-filling stage of winter wheat,within surface soil layer,root length density and root weight density under sprinkler irrigation were higher than that under surface irrigation.The results indicated that sprinkler irrigation promoted root growth within surface soil layer,while surface irrigation promoted root growth within middle and lower soil layers.In root degradation stage,sprinkler irrigation delayed root senescence compared with that under surface irrigation.