清前期黔西北的矿业开发与生态环境变迁

The Mineral Development and Eco-environment Changes in the Northwest of Guizhou during the Early Period of the Qing Dynasty

黔西北地区是清代前期贵州矿业开发最集中的地区,吸引了大批外来人口从事以矿业为中心的各类经济活动,虽然在一定程度上缓解了巨大的人口压力,但给当地生态环境造成的破坏也不容小觑。本文从环境史的角度来研究清代前期黔西北的矿业开发造成的植被破坏、水土流失、石漠化、森林破坏等环境问题。最突出体现在两个方面:一是加剧了石漠化进程;二是森林资源的耗竭。

In the early Qing Dynasty, the northwest of Guizhou is the center of mineral development area, which attracted a large number of non - natives to come and carried out different kinds of economic activity with mining as the main one. Even though, to a certain extent, this alleviated the pressure from the large population, it also damaged the local ecological environment. This paper conducts a study on the damages such as the destrucfion of plant coverage, soil erosion, rocky desertification, and deforestation, from the mining of minerals in the northwest of Guizhou during the early Qing Dynasty. The most serious results lie in two aspects： the aggravation of the rocky desertification and the depletion of the forest resources.