绍兴市艺术专业在校学生心理健康状况调查

Survey of mental health of art school students in Shaoxing

目的了解艺术专业在校学生的心理健康状况和人格特点。方法以分层整群随机的方式在浙江省绍兴市3所艺术学校中抽取468名学生,采用心理健康测查表(PH I)逐一测查,以3个效度量表初步判定量表的有效性,以7个临床分量表评估受试者的心理健康状况,将原始分值同全国常模比较,并转换为T值进行统计分析。结果共回收有效问卷426份,回收率91.02%。男生各临床分量表原始分值均高于全国常模,除疑心分量表外,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。女生精神病质分量表的原始分值与全国常模比较,差异无统计学意义;抑郁和兴奋状态分量表均高于全国常模(P<0.01),其余分量表均低于全国常模(P<0.01)。艺术类学生的心理问题主要是兴奋状态(19.48%)、脱离现实(19.01%)和抑郁(15.02%)。人格偏离(60≤T值<70)和病态人格(T值≥70)的检出率分别为44.37%和17.61%,其中,男生病态人格的检出率(31.2%)高于女生(14.6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对于PH I检测中60≤T值<70和T值≥70的艺术类学生,学校应给予积极的心理健康监测和心理健康教育,有针对性地进行个体心理辅导。

Objective To investigate the mental health status and personality characteristics of art students in Shaoxing.Methods Four hundred and sixty-eight students were selected from three art schools in Shaoxing by stratified clustered random sampling,and were surveyed with Psychological Health Inventory（PHI）.The validity of PHI was measured by three validity subscales,the mental health status of subjects were evaluated by seven clinical subscales,raw scores of subscales were compared with Chinese norms,and were statistically analysed with T scores. Results Four hundred and twenty-six valid scales were recovered,with the recovery rate of 91.02%.The raw scores of subscales of male subjects were higher than Chinese norms,and statistical differences were found in all the clinical subscales（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） except the subscale of hypochondria.There was no significant difference in the raw scores of subscale of psychopathic deviate between female subjects and Chinese norms.The raw scores of subscale of depression and hypomania in female subjects were significantly higher than Chinese norms（P〈0.01）,while those of the other subscales were significantly lower than Chinese norms（P〈0.01）.The main psychological problems of art school students were hypomania（19.48%）,unreality（19.01%） and depression（15.02%）.The detection rates of deviant personality（60≤T score〈70） and psychopathic personality（T score≥70） were 44.37% and 17.61%,respectively.The detection rate of psychopathic personality in male subjects（31.2%） was significantly higher than that in female subjects（14.6%）（P〈0.01）. ConclusionPsychological monitoring and education should be conducted among art school students with 60≤T score 70 or T≥70 in PHI,and individual psychological intervention should be performed accordingly.