微生物在生物能源生产中的应用(英文)

Potential Applications of Microorganisms for the Production of Bio-energy

生物可再生能源是最有前景的石油替代品之一.生物能源的生产原料包括:植物、有机废弃物和微生物.微生物在生物能源生产上有着广泛的应用,利用微生物制备的主要生物能源包括:生物柴油、生物乙醇、生物甲烷等.某些微生物如微藻和真菌可以生产大量油脂,这些油脂可以转化为生物柴油;有些微生物如酵母可以将糖类、淀粉以及纤维素转化为燃料乙醇,添加乙醇的汽油或柴油燃烧排放明显降低;还有些厌氧微生物可以将有机废弃物转化为甲烷,可用做家用燃气、车用燃气或发电.除此之外微生物还具有在生产能源的同时治理环境污染的优势.总之研究开发微生物在生物能源生产中的应用有利于世界可持续发展.

Bio-renewable energy has been proved to be one of the most promising fossil oil substitutes.The feedstock for bio-energy production includes plants,organic wastes and microorganisms.Microorganisms have been widely used in the process of bio-energy production,such as biodiesel,bioethanol and biomethane.Certain microorganisms such as micro algae and fungi may produce large amounts of lipids,which may be converted to biodiesel;some microbes like yeasts can digest plant sugars,starch and cellulose into ethanol,which may be blended with gasoline to improve vehicle emissions;other anaerobic microbes may convert organic wastes to methane,a clean energy source may be used for households,electricity production and even transportation.Furthermore,microbes have the advantages of producing the bio-energy whilst treating the environment pollution,as it can use the industry wastes and agriculture wastes as nutrition.Taken together research into the application of microbes in bio-energy production will certainly help the sustainable development of the world.