桦甸油页岩半焦基础理化特性

Basic Physicochemical Characteristics of the Huadian Oil Shale Semi-Cokes

油页岩半焦是油页岩干馏的主要副产物,半焦的合理利用是油页岩综合利用的基础。利用自建的实验台制备了吉林省桦甸3个矿区油页岩半焦样品,采用X射线衍射仪分析半焦样品的矿物组分,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定了半焦样品中部分痕量元素的含量并分析其富集特性,采用热重分析仪详细研究了各半焦样品的燃烧特性,测定了油页岩半焦的灰分特性、比热、密度、导热系数、可磨性等物性参数。研究表明:桦甸油页岩半焦属于高灰分、低热值和具有中等程度结渣倾向的劣质燃料;半焦中含有较多的石英、方解石、伊蒙混层等矿物质;半焦中痕量元素含量相对较高,并且表现出强富砷特性。利用燃烧实验数据建立的半焦燃烧动力学模型表明,半焦燃烧反应在不同的温度范围内具有不同的反应级数。

Semi-coke is major byproduct of oil shale retorting. Rationally using semi-coke is the basis of comprehensive utilization of oil shale. Semi-coke samples of oil shales in 3 Huadian ore fields were obtained from a retorting experimental table set up by the authors. The basic physicochemical characteristics of semi-cokes were investigated in detail by a variety of experimental methods. The mineral composition of semi-cokes was measured with XRD. Abundance and enriched characteristics of some trace elements in the semi-coke samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy（ICP-AES）. The combustion characteristics of semi-cokes were also measured using thermal gravitational analysis apparatus. In addition, properties of semi-cokes such as density, grindability, ash characteristics, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, etc were also investigated according to corresponding criteria respectively. It was shown that Huadian semi-cokes are a kind of low grade fuel with high ash, low calorific value and intermediate slagbonding trend. Huadian semi-cokes contain more calcite, quartz and illite-smectite mixed layer. Content of trace elements in the semi-cokes is relatively high and characterized by enriched As. Based on experimental results, related combustion kinetic models were proposed. It was considered that different reaction orders occur at different temperature during an combustion reaction of semi-cokes.