中国行业收入差距的实证分析

THE EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON INCOME GAPS AMONG INDUSTRIES IN CHINA

本文运用扩展的基尼系数进行实证分析表明,中国行业之间收入差距的基尼系数不断扩大,国有单位行业之间的收入差距基本上与全国行业之间收入差距保持一致,城镇集体单位行业之间收入差距的基尼系数变化不大,其他单位①行业之间收入差距不仅初始值比较高,而且扩大得比较快。造成上述结果的原因,一方面来自市场机制的作用以及私有化所带来的分配不均,另一方面来自国有部门行业之间收入差距扩大的影响及其国有部门行业的垄断性质。

This papers aims to investigate the income gaps among different industries in China from 1996 to 2008 by using the Extended Gini Coefficient. It shows that the increasingly large gaps exist among different industries. The Extended Gini Coefficients of state-owned units stay the same with the level of the country＇s total industries. The Extended Gini Coefficient of the urban and collective-owned units remains comparatively constant. The Extended Gini Coefficient of units in other types of ownership rises fast with high initial value. It further indicates that the market economy process after the economic reform, the monopolistic power of the state--owned industries and the privatization process may contribute to the increasingly large income gaps among different industries.