充氮气调对玉米品质的影响研究

INFLUENCE OF CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE WITH N_2 ON MAIZE QUALITY

对充氮气调储藏和常规储藏的玉米品质进行了比较.结果表明:在低温下储藏,充氮气调与常规储藏的玉米品质相近,在20℃储藏0.5 a后,玉米发芽率从最初的96%分别下降到87%、85%,脂肪酸值从最初的22.4 mg/100 g分别上升到45.9 mg/100 g、47.4 mg/100 g;但在35℃高温下储藏0.5 a后,发芽率分别下降到42%、8%,脂肪酸值分别上升到49.5 mg/100 g、57.6 mg/100 g;过氧化氢酶活动度分别下降到30.4 mg/g、20.3 mg/g,充氮气调要优于常规储藏,尤其对玉米发芽率、过氧化氢酶活动度的降低及脂肪酸值的升高起到明显的延缓作用.因此,建议粮库玉米应首选低温储藏,无法实现低温时可选择充氮气调,以减缓高温对储粮品质的影响.

We studied the quality of maize in conventional storage and controlled atmosphere storage with N2 and compared the quality difference of maize under the two storage conditions. The test shows that, at low temperature, the quality of maize in controlled atmosphere storage with N2 is similar to that in conventional storage. After storage at 20℃ for half a year, the germination rate of maize decreased from 96% to 87% and 85% , respectively, the fatty acid value increased from 22.4 mg/100 g to 45.9 mg/100 g and 47.4 mg/100 g respectively. However, after storage at 35 ℃ for half a year, the germination rate decreased to 42% and 8% respectively; the fatty acid value increased to 49.5 mg/100g and 57.6 mg/100 g respectively; and the catalase activity decreased to 30.4 mg/g and 20.3 mg/g respectively. Controlled atmosphere storage with N2 is better than conventional storage, particularly in delaying the decrease of the germination rate of maize and the catalase activity as well as the increase of the fatty acid value. Accordingly, we suggests that low-temperature storage is the preferred selection for maize storage in grain depot, and that controlled atmosphere storage with N2 can be selected to suppress the effects of high temperature on the maize quality when the low-temperature storage cannot be achieved.