内蒙古多伦县沙漠化土地时空变化特征

Spatial-temporal Change Characteristics of Sandy Desertified Lands in Dolonnur County of Inner Mongolia

研究以内蒙古多伦县1960年、1975年的航片和1987年、1995年、2000年、2005年的陆地卫星TM影像等6个不同时相的遥感数据为数据源,提取研究区沙漠化土地信息,与研究区的其他数据进行叠加分析,建立数据库,分析沙漠化土地时空变化规律。结果表明:1960-1995年沙漠化土地共增了639.88km2,1995-2005年间沙漠化土地面积减少了427.18km2。1960-1995年沙漠化土地发生扩大的区域主要分布在3条沙带两侧。由于这些地区毁林开荒、草场超载,导致沙漠化土地面积有所扩展;1995-2005年沙漠化土地发生减少的区域主要分布于城南沙带、黄柳区。自从京津风沙源治理、退耕还林、禁牧舍饲和生态移民四大工程实施以来,多伦县沙漠化土地逆转很快,流沙多被固定,从而使本区出现沙漠化土地面积逐步缩小的局面,其中城南沙带地区尤为明显。

The paper used six sets of the multi-temporal remote sensing data of Duolun county of Inner Mongolia,acquired in aerial photo of 1960,1975and Landsat TM images of 1987,1995,2000,2005.The desertification data base was set up and the temporal and spatial variation of land desertification was analyzed by extraction of land desertification information and overlay analysis other data on research area.The results showed that the desertification area in1960-1995increased by 639.88km2,and reduced by 427.18km2 during 1995-2005.From 1960to 1995,the extension area of desertification mainly occurred on two sides of three sand belts.Owing to the deforestation for land reclamation,grassland overload,the desertification area was extended.Between 1995to 2005,the area of desertification decrease mainly distributed in south belt region of country and Huangliu area.Since the implementation of＇the Beijing-Tianjin dust storms sources control project＇,＇the project of withdrawing graze and returning to grassland＇,＇banning herd and confinement feeding project＇and＇eco-migration project＇,the desertification area in Dolonnur county reversed quickly,most of the mobile dunes were stabilized and the total area of desertification gradually reduced,obviously in the south sand belt of research area.