对精神障碍者采取强制措施的理论基础

Theoretical foundations of compulsory measures against people with mental disorders

西方对精神障碍者采取强制措施的理论基础,传统上有国父权说、警察权说。至近现代,出现社会控制说、防卫社会说和社会福利说等。理论和制度的先进性、合理性不是抽象的,它取决于一国当时的基本国情,而不是所谓的"世界大趋势"或者"多数国家的做法",理论基础的采用标准也是如此。从历史研究和比较视角分析,社会控制说较为适合中国现阶段的基本国情。

Traditionally in west, the theoretical foundations concerned are Pater Patriae power theory and police power theory. In modem, three other theories are often mentioned： social control, social defense and social welfare. There many factors which influence the development of theories, the level of productive forces is the determinant and the most important condition of China. During last decades, the productive force of China has got very great development, the condition of China changed greatly. But the theory and practice in mental disorder field are lagging behind. The advancement and rationality of theory and institution are not abstract; they are not determined by main trends or practice of most countries, but by the condition at that time, so does the standard of theory adoption. Through historical study and comparative analysis, the conclusion is that social control theory is more suitable for the Chinese condition.