野生与栽培大豆某些性状的比较及其在大豆育种中的利用(英文)

Comparsion of Several Character between Glycine soja and Glycine max and Its Utilization in Soybean Breeding

野生大豆由于丰富的遗传背景在大豆育种中具有重要的利用价值。选取来自俄罗斯远东地区和中国东北地区的野生大豆与栽培在中国北京种植,并对其农艺性状进行比较。与栽培大豆相比,野生大豆具有较高的蛋白质含量(47.55%),较低的脂肪含量(12.91%)。此外,野生大豆的异黄酮含量高并且具有较好的胞囊线虫抗性。将经过筛选的不同野生大豆与栽培大豆进行杂交,已经选育出一些具有高异黄酮含量和良好胞囊线虫抗性的大豆材料。同时研究了野生大豆与栽培大豆的天然杂交,发现通过分析F1代花色和荚皮色的分离情况可以鉴定天然杂交种。结果证明通过杂交的方式将野生大豆中的目的基因导入栽培大豆进而提高大豆育种效率是切实可行的。

Wild soybean（Glycine soja） could serve as important resources in soybean breeding for its aboundant genetic background.In the present study,wild and cultivated soybeans from Far-Eastern area of Russia and Northeast China were planted in Beijing,China,and compared their agronomic traits.We found that wild soybean had higher protein content（47.55 %） and lower oil content（12.91 %） compared with cultivated soybean.Besides,wild soybean had higher isoflavone content and better resistantce to soybean cyst nematode（SCN,Heterodera glycines Ichinohe）.To select soybeans with better SCN resistance or higher isoflavone content,different hybride combination with the tested wild and cultivated soybean were made,and selected several hybrid progenies with desired traits.We also researched the natural hybridization between wild and cultivated soybean,and found it is possible to identify the true hybrids by analyzing the segregations patterns of flower and pod color of F1generation.The results suggestted that introduce relevant genes from wild soybean into cultivated soybean through hybridization is very useful for soybean breeding.