秋水仙素诱导厚皮甜瓜倍性研究

Tetraploid Induction of Thick-skinned Muskmelon with Colchicines

为了成功获得厚皮甜瓜四倍体,研究其倍性特征,本试验用二倍体厚皮甜瓜M01-3为试材,用0.1%、0.3%、0.5%和0.7%的秋水仙素溶液通过涂抹法对子叶期和一叶一心期幼苗进行处理,并通过染色体计数法和细胞学鉴定法分析倍性。结果表明,已获得同源四倍体甜瓜,0.3%和0.5%的诱导率最高;与二倍体相比,四倍体植株长势好,叶形指数小,茎增粗,花冠大,花色艳,果肉变厚,可溶性固形物含量增加,气孔变大,叶绿体数目增多。

The diploid thick-skinned muskmelon M01-3 seedlings were treated by smearing 0.1%,0.3%,0.5% and 0.7% of colchicines on the growing points at the cotyledon stage and 1～2-leave stage so as to obtain the tetraploid,then the ploidy level was analyzed by chromosome counting method and cytology identification method.The results showed that the tetraploid muskmelon were obtained and the induction rate was the highest when treated with 0.3% and 0.5% of colchicines.Compared with the diploid muskmelon,the induced tetraploid plants grew well and had smaller leaf index,stronger stems,bigger corolla,showier flower,thicker flesh,higher soluble solid content,larger stoma and more chloroplasts.