高压输变电对居民住家生活环境影响的调查

Investigation of the living environment under high Voltage Transmission Line

目的了解超高压输变电线路产生的工频电磁场是否对居民住家生活环境产生影响。方法按居住地距高压输变电线路垂直距离远近分为观察组和对照组,以问卷调查和现场监测的方法对两组居民的居家室内外环境噪声及γ射线、居住地水和土壤中的α和β射线的强度、居民家中拥有家电、使用家电及被电击或触电情况、对住家农田及农作物生长影响。结果两组居民室内外γ射线和居住地水和土壤α和β射线的强度无统计学差异;两组居民室内外噪声强度虽无统计学差异,但均超过GB3096-2008《声环境质量标准》;两组居民拥有家电和使用家电无统计学差异,但家电被电击的次数和种类则有统计学差异;两组居民认为超高压输变电线路对农作物生长的影响有统计学差异。结论高压输变电线路产生的工频电磁场对居民生活环境有一些影响。

Objective To understand the influence of the power frequency electromagnetic field produced by high voltage transmission line on the living environment.Methods By according to the vertical distance from the residential area and the high voltage transmission line,the living environmental areas were divided into the observation and control groups.Influence on noise and γ-ray（both indoor and outdoor）,α and β-ray intensity in water and soil in the living environment,electrical home appliance,accidental electric hit,farmland,growth of crops were investigated.Results There were no significant difference in the two groups,（both indoor and outdoor γ-ray）,α and β radiation in water and soil.Although the outside noise intensity in the two groups had no statistically significant difference,they all exceeded the GB3096-2008,（standards for acoustic environmental quality）;There were no statistical significance in the possession and usage of electrical appliance in the two groups,however,the number and type of electric hit on the appliances showed statistical significance.Furthermore,the two groups of residents considered that the high-pressure power transmission line affected the growth of the crops.Conclusions It is considered that the electromagnetic field generated by the high voltage transmission line might affect the living environment to a certain extent.