论宋代墨的商品性消费

On the Commercial Consumption of Ink Stick in the Song Dynasty

商品经济的发展和政府"右文"政策的引导,使宋代的读书人大量增加。巨大的需求量使墨消费呈现出前所未有的繁荣局面。不仅消费者的身份多样化,而且墨的消费呈现出面广、量大、费用多的特点。在市场化的前提下,宋代墨的价格差异悬殊,这与产品质量、供求关系及消费偏好有关。而与消费密切相关的生产,则呈现出产区化、品牌化、传承化的特点。同时,墨的销售方法也趋于多样化。

Because of the development of commodity economy and the guidance of the government policy,the number of people engaged in learning increased sharply in the Song Dynasty,resulting unprecedentedly great demand for ink stick.Not only were the consumers diversified in terms of identity,but the consumption of ink had the characteristics of wide range,huge quantity,and large expense.With the market being the premise,the difference of prices for ink in Song Dynasty was big because of the qualities of product,balance between supply and demand,and the consumption preference.The production of ink which was closely related to consumption was inherited and regionalized in accordance with brands.Meanwhile,the marketing methods of ink were also diversified.