微波加热制备高分散性纳米氧化锌粉体

SYNTHESIS OF HIGHLY DISPERSED ZnO NANOPARTICLES BY MICROWAVE HEATING

为了研究纳米氧化锌粉体干燥和热分解时的团聚问题,以硝酸锌和碳酸钠为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备前驱体,无水乙醇洗涤后,通过微波加热前驱体制备出了纳米氧化锌粉体。用TEM、FT—IR、TG—DTA、XRD等测试手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明:所得纳米氧化锌属于六方纤维矿的单晶结构,平均粒径为30nm,分布均匀,分散性好;无水乙醇洗涤和微波加热可有效避免纳米氧化锌粉体干燥和热分解时的团聚问题。并就微波加热和乙醇洗涤对产品分散性的影响机理做了初步探讨。

In order to study the reunion of ZnO nanoparticles which were exsiccated and pyrolyzed, using zinc nitrate and sodium carbonate as raw materials, the precursor was obtained by a direct precipitation method. ZnO nanopartieles were synthesized by microwave-assisted solid-state reaction after alcohol washing. The characterizations of patterns were carried out by TEM, FT-IR, TG-DTA, XRD. The results show that as-prepared ZnO crystals are single crystals with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. ZnO nanoparticles are uni- form with 30nm in diameter with even distribution, and high dispersity. The agglomeration of ZnO nanopartieles could effectively be avoided by alcohol washing and microwave heating during the drying and thermal decomposition. The possible influence and mechanism of microwave heating and alcohol washing on dispersity of products were discussed in this study.