蒸汽爆破预处理技术及其对纤维乙醇生物转化的研究进展

Progress in Steam-explosion Pretreatment Technologies and Its Effect on Bioconversion of Cellulosic Ethanol

由于木质纤维素复杂结构及纤维素结晶的特点,需要合适的预处理方法增加纤维素对酶分子的可及性。蒸汽爆破法因其低成本、无污染、能耗低等优点近年来备受关注。本文介绍了蒸汽爆破及其影响因素,在此基础上,着重讨论了几种常见的蒸汽爆破技术如稀酸蒸爆技术、稀碱蒸爆技术、氨纤维爆破技术及组合蒸爆技术等以及蒸爆设备,同时介绍了蒸汽爆破在纤维乙醇生物转化过程中的应用研究。

Lignocellulosic biomass is considered as one of the most promising feedstock for producing fuel ethanol. However, the structure and crystallinity of lignocellulose hamper the accessibility of cellulose enzyme, so that a suitable pretreatment process is necessary. Recently, steam explosion, because of its low cost, low energy consumption and pollution-free has been received substantial attention. The influences of parameters in pretreatment by methods of steam explosion,such as：technologies of dilute acid steam explosion（DASE）,dilute base steam explosion（DBSE）,ammonia fiber explosion（AFEX）and compound steam explosion are described, and several steam-explosion pretreatments and equipments are discussed. Meanwhile the applied research of pretreatment for bioconversion to ethanol is also reviewed.