儿童和青少年期肥胖症与血脂的关系

Relationship of simple obesity and blood lipids in childhood and adolescence

目的探讨儿童和青少年期肥胖症与血脂的关系。方法采用整群抽样横断面调查与追踪调查的流行病学方法观察北京市193名（386人次）学生，每一观察对象在儿童期（7～12岁）和9年后其青少年期（16—21岁）测量身高、体质量，检测血清总胆固醇（Tc）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和三酰甘油（TG）水平。结果儿童和青少年期男孩的超重和肥胖发生率均明显高于女孩（儿童期：16．3％比11．9％，15．2％比10．9％；青少年期：23．9％比7．9％，8．7％比3．0％，均为P〈0．05），儿童期总的肥胖率高于青少年期（12．9％比5．7％，P〈0．05），青少年期的超重率略高于儿童期（15．5％比14．0％，P〉0．05）。儿童期肥胖组的平均TG水平较体质量正常组高[（1．22±0．84）mmol／L比（0．82±0．54）mmol／L，P〈0．01]；青少年期肥胖组平均TC和LDL—C水平均高于体质量正常组（均为P〈0．05）；儿童期肥胖组在青少年期时平均TC和LDL—C水平高于体质量正常组（均为P〈0．01）。结论儿童和青少年期肥胖症是影响血脂的重要因素。

Objective To investigate the relationship of simple obesity and blood lipids in childhood and adolescent. Methods By using epidemiological survey of cluster sampling along with cross-section and follow-up study, 193 students were observed in Beijing （aged 7-12 years and the same population after 9 years aged 16-21 years）. And their body heigh, weight, the level of fasting serum total cholesterol （ TC）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） and triglyceride （TG） were measured. Results The incidences of overweight and obesity were higher in male than in female both in childhood and adolescence. Incidence of obesity in childhood was higher than in adolescence （ P 〈 0. 05 ） while incidence of overweight in adolescence was higher than in childhood （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The level of TG in the obesity group was higher than in the normal weight group （P 〈 0. 01 ） in childhood, and the levels of TC and low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in obesity group were higher than in normal weight group in adolescence （P 〈0. 05）. The levels of TC and TG in the children obesity group were significantly higher than in normal weight group in childhood. Conclusions The obesity in childhood and adolescence affects the levels of blood lipicls.