非均衡蛛网模型价格调节的稳定性分析(Ⅰ)

Stabilty Analysis Made on Price Adjustment of Disequilibrium Cobweb Model(Ⅰ)

许多商品的市场价格、供给量和需求量会随着时间的变化而发生变化，呈现出时涨时跌的、交替变化的规律．在理论上，过去曾经采用传统均衡分析的方法建立微观市场蛛网模型来描述均衡条件下商品价格的波动趋势．由于现实微观市场未能做到时刻都出清而使供需关系处于不均衡的常态中，因此所述理论模型假设的前提与现实经济尚有较大的差距，故经济结论是勉强的和不实际的，这就很有必要考虑在市场非均衡条件下，研究商品的价格波动问题．可以认为市场本身所固有的价格调节机制，将使供给与需求朝着均衡方向发展．据此，文中研究了非均衡蛛网模型价格调节的稳定性问题．结果表明，非均衡方法是可行的、有效的，它既保留了均衡分析的若干结论，又在一定条件下提高了经济系统的稳定性．这对于寻求市场经济下价格调节运行机制具有一定的现实意义。

As time goes on, a great many commodities change in market price and supply and demand which present the rule of rise and fall every now and then or change alternatively. Theoretically, the micro market cobweb model setting up by adopting conventional method of equilibrium analysis had been used to describe the trend of commodity price fluctuation. However, the real micro market is unable to clear out constantly, supply and demand are always in a convention of disequilibrium, hence a marked discrepancy is existed between the hypothetical premise of the above model and the real economy, and the economic conclusion is forced and unreal. This calls for a study of commodity price fluctuation under the condition of market disequilibrium. Believing in that the supply and the demand will develop towards equilibrium owing to the inherent price adjustment mechanism of the market, the author studies the stability of the price adjustment of disequilibrium cobweb model. As shown by the result, the method of disequilibrium is feasible and effective, it retains several conclusions of equilibrium analysis and promotes the stability of economic system under a certain condition. This is of practical significance for us to seek mechanism of price adjustment and operation under market condition. The present work will serve to enrich the discussions on adjustment and control of disequilibrium cobweb model.