日本企业的非正式员工:现状、原因及其影响

Informal Employees in Japanese Enterprises:An Analysis of the Status Quo,Causes and Influences

劳动力供需双方观念的转变以及制度变革使以终身雇佣为特征的日本雇佣体系正在发生质的变化。由于与终身雇佣制相匹配的其他制度的改革滞后,处于弱势地位的非正式员工过多地承担了本应企业、国家和个人共同分摊的改革成本。雇佣形式的多样化引发了相应的社会问题,有可能对日本的生产力造成负面影响。

The changing perceptions of both employers and employees, as well as the institutional changes, have had radical impacts on Japanese labor market which is traditionally featured with lifetime employment. The informal employees, who are often in a poor bargaining position, have been bearing excessive reform costs that should have been shared by firms, government and individuals, because of the lagging reform in other sectors. The diversified employment patterns have triggered social problems and may have negative impacts upon Japan＇s productivity.