新中国成立初期东北问题中苏谈判述论

On China-USSR Negotiation of Northeast China at the Early Period of New China

东北问题是中苏(俄)关系史上一个具有历史争议的遗留问题,中苏外交战略对此存在严重分歧:对中国而言,在新中国成立初期解决东北问题不仅关系中共领导人能否彻底实现民族独立、摆脱民族屈辱的革命目标,而且对中国共产党和新政府的政治形象影响至深;对苏联而言,东北问题事关苏联在远东地区的实际经济利益和长远的军事战略利益。面对分歧,双方在是否"废除旧约,重订新约"以及如何"废除旧约,重订新约"等问题上展开激烈博弈。最终,在毛泽东等中共中央领导人的努力和坚持抗争下,中苏双方本着相互理解和相互支持的原则较圆满地解决了持续了半个多世纪的历史纠葛,从而开启了中苏睦邻友好的新篇章。

The issue of Northeast China is an old problem between China and USSR（Russia）.The two countries differ very sharply in their diplomatic strategies concerning this area.To China,solving the problem early after the foundation of new China would determine whether the leaders of Chinese Communist Party（CCP） could achieve their revolutionary aim of national independence,and shape the political image of CCP and the new government;to USSR,this matters its actual economic interests and long-term military strategy.The two sides carried out fierce game on the divergences such as whether and how ＂to abolish old treaties and to sign new ones＂.In the end,with the efforts and persistence of Mao Zedong and other CCP leaders,under the principle of mutual understanding and support, China and USSR successfully settled the dispute which had lasted over 50 years, hence opened a new page of friendly relation between the two countries.