水花微囊藻多糖复合物的提取

Study on Extraction of Polysaccharides from Water Bloom Cyanophyta ,Microcystis flosaquae

研究了热水和碱提取法在不同溶剂体积、不同时间和不同温度条件下，对水花微囊藻多糖提取率的影响．结果表明：藻干重与水体积之比为 １∶１５、１００ ℃、提取６ ｈ 的条件下多糖提取率最高，为３４５．５ ｍ ｇ／ｇ 干藻，为最佳提取条件．在 ３０ ℃、６０ ℃、１００ ℃下以碱抽提，以 ４％ Ｎａ Ｏ Ｈ 浓度下多糖得率最高，分别为９９．５、２７３．２ ｍ ｇ／ｇ 干藻；热水提取效果好于碱提取．用冷水预浸泡结合等电点沉淀的方法脱蛋白对粗提取物进行纯化，结果使提取液中水溶蛋白除去率达 ６３．０％ ．用最佳提取条件获得的多糖溶液，经氯仿脱蛋白，乙醇沉淀得多糖１４．５％ ．

Methods of extraction of polysaccharides of Microcystis flosaquae with hot water and alkaline solution were studied. The results showed that the highest polysaccharides extraction was 345.5 mg/g gotten under the condition of 100 ℃, 6 h, 1:15 (the ratio of algae dry weight to water volume). In alkaline solution,the highest polysaccharides extrction was273.2, 237.0 gotten in 4% NaOH under 60 ℃,100 ℃,respectively. Hot water was much better than alkaline for the polysaccharide extraction. A procedure of cool water sinking and isoelectric point precipitation for removing proteins in the polysaccharides extraction solution was taken. This method could remove about 63.0% protein in the solution. Under the best condion, the ratio of the polysaccharides was 14.5%, removed the protein in CHCL 3, precipitated in CH 3CH 2OH.