墨西哥湾漏油事件因果分析及对我国的启示和建议

Analysis of the Causes and Developing Process of the Oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico and its Implications and Recommendations for China

本文系统分析了墨西哥湾漏油事件的起因及事态发展过程,指出本次漏油事件对生态环境的影响具有灾难性特点;严重威胁着墨西哥湾地区的能源战略地位;给墨西哥湾地区经济带来沉痛打击并影响墨西哥湾地区居民生活;BP及BP股东的损失惨重;严重影响着美国能源政策的实施并加剧了两党之间的争斗。本文得到的启示是,美国在宣布解禁部分近海油气开发权时未重视严格监管;漏油事件不会影响美英同盟关系;漏油事件虽不会改变美国能源政策总体方向,但有利于加快清洁能源步伐;有利于加快海上油污净化技术的商业化发展步伐。建议我国应切实抓好能源行业生产的配套监管工作;提高深海技术研发和设备制造水平;加强漏油事故后的应急反应和处理技术水平。

This paper systematically analyzes the causes and the developing process of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Here points out the influence brings by the oil spill is disastrous for the ecological environment, the strategic status of the Gulf of Mexico＇s energy has been seriously threatened, the regional economy is severely struck and residents＇ livings have been affected, BP and its shareholders have suffered great losses, America＇s implementation of energy policy is seriously affected and the tension between the two parties have been intensified. The lights drawn in this paper will be the United States has not attached great importance to the regulation when it partially lifted its offshore drilling moratorium, the oil spill won＇t affect the alliance between Britain and America, although the general direction of American energy policy will not be greatly changed, the clean energy will develop because of the incident; the pace of the commercialization of the oil pollution purification technology will speed up. China should reinforce the regulation on energy production; improve the R＆D of deep-sea technology and enhance the level of equipment manufacturing, strengthen the emergency response and related technologies will be proposed.