声学技术在水下工程中的应用

Application of Acoustic Signal Technology to Underwater Engineering

我国的海洋油气资源储量丰富,开发潜力巨大。而今,随着油气开采不断向深海推进,开采的难度大大增加,原有的技术装备也需要不断地更新升级。海上油田水下开发工程设施建设离不开潜水员或水下遥控机器人ROV的支持,通常情况下,工程技术人员根据潜水员在水下提供的指导或依据ROV视频电视传输的信号获取必要的信息,确立施工方案,进而执行某项操作。但是,在某些特定场合,比如水下能见度低、视距短、图像模糊不清时,视频信号的有效性大大减弱,在施工中不能充分发挥应有的作用。雷达波声学信号技术恰恰可以突破视频信号的瓶颈,有效地解决这一难题,并且在某些水下工程领域内,雷达波远距离捕捉目标的能力强,使用声学信号技术比视频信号技术更为经济高效。作者结合几个实例着重介绍声学信号在海洋水下工程建设中的应用及技巧。

Offshore oil resource in China is vast. With the development of offshore oil field, divers and remote-operated vehicle ROV are much needed to provide necessary support during the construction phase. The activities will include the guidance by the divers and the video images supplied by the ROV. There are situations in which visibility of water is very low, and hence the ROV blurred video images will not provide much assistance to the construction at all. The use of radar signal, however, can overcome this difficulty. At certain areas of underwater engineering, a distance target can be easily located by the use of radar signal which is more cost-effective than video images. This article cited examples of some projects, in which acoustic signals techniques employed in the underwater engineering construction.