云南蒙自石榴园土壤养分状况及施肥情况调查

Analyzed and Investigated Soil Nutrition States and Fertilizer Applications in the Pomegranate Orchards in the Countryside of Mengzi of Yunnan Province

对云南蒙自县新安所镇、文澜镇、红寨和多法勒4个石榴种植片区土壤基本养分状况及施肥情况进行了分析和调查。结果表明：蒙自石榴园土壤pH在5.25-8.07之间,平均为7.11;土壤有机质、速效磷的含量分别在3.47-57.17 g/kg1、.75-334.24 mg/kg之间,平均值分别为25.77 g/kg7、0.54 mg/kg;速效钾的含量在24.24-217.51 mg/kg之间,平均值145.19 mg/kg;土壤碱解氮、水溶性钙和水溶性镁的含量分别在2.68-132.21 mg/kg0、.10-0.33 g/kg和0.01-0.10 g/kg之间,平均值分别为81.32 mg/kg0、.17 g/kg和0.03 g/kg。在各个片区间农户施肥水平存在差异,普遍存在过量或偏施磷肥,不重视中微量元素肥料的现象。土壤有机质、速效磷含量偏高,速效钾含量中等,碱解氮、水溶性钙和水溶性镁含量偏低,石榴园土壤养分不平衡。

This paper analyzed and investigated soil nutrition states and fertilizer applications of four pomegranates area in Xin＇an,Wenlan,Hongzhai and Duofale town,Mengzi county,Yunnan province.Results indicated that soil pH was between 5.25 and 8.07 and average contents was 7.11;The content of soil organic matter was between 3.47 and 57.17 g/kg and average contents was 25.77 g/kg;The content of soil available phosphorus was between 1.75 and 334.24 mg/kg and average contents was 70.54 mg/kg;The content of soil available potassium was between 24.24 and 217.51 mg/kg and average contents was 145.19 mg/kg;The content of soil available nitrogen was between 2.68 and 132.21 mg/kg and average contents was 81.32 mg/kg;The content of soil water-soluble calcium was between 0.10 and 0.33 g/kg and average contents was 0.17 g/kg;The content of soil water-soluble magnesium was between 0.01 and 0.10 g/kg and average contents was 0.03 g/kg.In all those areas,fertilization levels of farmers were different.the farmers always use excess of phosphate fertilizer and ignore trace element fertilizer on pomegranates.the content of soil organic matter and available phosphorus were generally higher,The content of soil available potassium was medium,The content of soil available nitrogen、soil water-soluble calcium and magnesium were lower,soil nutrition were unbalance in the pomegranate orchards.