黑线姬鼠在传播肾综合征出血热中作用的研究

The role of Apodemus agrarius in the transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

１９６６～１９９３年在安徽、江苏及陕西疫区进行了一系列调查研究。主要结果如下：（１）该鼠是田野中的优势鼠种，鼠密度高（２１．１６％～３８．２１％）或较高（８．１８％～１４．５２％）；（２）其季节消长与当地居民ＨＦＲＳ发病曲线相一致；（３）该鼠携带ＨＦＲＳ病毒（ＨＶ）抗原的阳性率高；（４）ＨＶ抗原阳性鼠的血、尿具有传染性；（５）鼠所带ＨＶ可通过５种途径（皮肤伤口、呼吸道、消化道、革螨或恙螨的叮刺、垂直）传播；（６）通过灭鼠降低鼠密度可有效地控制ＨＦＲＳ的流行。以上结果证明黑线姬鼠是姬鼠型ＨＦＲＳ的主要传染源，其血、尿具有传染性，可通过多种途径传播。

To clarify the role of Apodemus agrarius in the transmission of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS),a series of studies were carried out in the endemic areas of HFRS in Anhui,Jiangsu and Shanxi Province during 1966 to 1993.The main results were as follows:(1) A.agrarius was the predominant species of rodents in the fields,the rodent density was high(21 16%～38 21%)or relatively high(8 18%～14 52%);(2)its seasonal distribution was correlated with the incidence of human HFRS;(3)the positivity rate of HFRSV antigen in A.agrarius was high;(4)blood and urine of A.agrarius with positive HFRSV antigen were infective;(5)HFRSV could be transmitted in A agararius via five routes (skin abrasion,respiratory and digestive tract,biting of gamasid mites and chigger mites,vertical transmission);(6)after the rodent density had declined by deratization,the epidemic of HFRS in human could be controlled effectively.The results demonstrate that A.agrarius is the main source of infection of HFRS of Apodemus type,its blood and urine are infective and can be transmitted via several routes.