桃汛洪水冲刷降低潼关高程优化方案研究

Study on an Optimized Plan of Reducing Elevation at Tongguan by Spring Floods

利用一维恒定流泥沙数学模型探讨了不同桃汛期洪水对潼关高程变化的影响。结果表明：①桃汛历时为10 d、洪量相同的条件下,洪峰流量大小及超过2 000 m3/s的大流量持续时间长短不同,潼关高程下降幅度存在明显差异;②洪峰、沙峰的对应关系对潼关高程的变化影响较大;③桃汛期洪水过程差异对不同代表年份年内潼关高程变化的影响不同,在年内水沙不利的年份,桃汛洪水优化调度对年内潼关高程影响比重最大,枯水年份优化桃汛洪水过程对遏制潼关高程的抬升具有更重要的作用。

The paper discusses the influence of different spring floods to the variations of Tongguan elevation by using sediment mathematical model of one-dimensional constant flow.The outcomes show that a) the duration of spring flood is 10 days,under the same flood volume condition,the peak discharge and the duration of big discharge greater than 2 000 m3/s are different and the reduction range of Tongguan elevation is obviously different;b) the influence of corresponding relationship of flood peak and sediment peak is greater to the variation of Tongguan elevation;c) the influence of different spring flood process is different to the variation of Tongguan elevation in different typical years.In an unfavorable silt-discharge year,the specific weight of influence of optimized regulation of spring floods to the variation of Tongguan elevation within a year is the maximum.The optimized spring flood process in a low water year has more important function to control the raise of Tongguan elevation.