海河流域畜禽养殖污染负荷研究

Pollutants Loads of Livestock and Poultry Breeding in Hai Basin,China

建立畜禽养殖输出系数模型,从省级行政区和水资源3级区两个层面分别估算了2007年海河流域畜禽养殖污染物产生量、排放量和入河量以及各省和各3级区所占的比例。结果表明,2007年全流域畜禽养殖产生污染物COD 534.69万t、BOD 459.47万t、NH3-N 45.42万t、总氮116.53万t、总磷37.16万t、污水41 672.73万t;排放污染物COD 36万t、NH3-N 2.88万t、总氮4.15万t、总磷0.55万t;入河污染物COD 7.2万t、NH3-N 0.58万t、总氮0.83万t、总磷0.11万t。从各省来看,河北省所占比例最大,产生量占全流域的51%,排放量和入河量分别占54.4%;从水资源3级区来看,徒骇马颊河平原所占比例最大,产生量占全流域的23.7%,排放量和入河量分别占18.66%。

Pollution from livestock and poultry breeding can be calculated by three indicators according to different stages of pollution,name-ly,pollutants loads contained in animal wastes,loads discharged with waste water and loads delivered into rivers.By setting up and applying Export Coefficient Modeling approach for livestock and poultry breeding,the thesis estimated pollutants loads contained in animal wastes,discharged with waste water and delivered into rivers respectively in Hai Basin on the basis of each province and each water district.In 2007,pollutants loads contained in animal wastes totaled COD 5 346.9 kilotons,BOD 4 594.7 kilotons,NH3-N 454.2 kilotons,TN 1 165.3 kilotons and TP 371.6 kilotons;pollutants loads discharged with waste water reached COD 360 kilotons,NH3-N 28.8 kilotons,TN 41.5 kilotons and TP 5.5 kilotons;pollutants loads delivered into rivers amounted to COD 72 kilotons,NH3-N 5.8 kilotons,TN 8.3 kilotons and TP 1.1 kilotons.On the provincial level,Hebei Province,the main body of Hai Basin,accounted for the largest proportion.It contributed 51% of pollutants loads contained in animal wastes,54.4% of pollutants loads discharged with waste water and delivered into rivers respectively.On the water district level,Tuhaimajiahe Plain,the main agricultural and livestock concentrated region,occupied the biggest share.It contributed 23.7% of pollutants loads contained in animal wastes,18.66% of pollutants loads discharged with waste water and delivered into rivers respectively.