不同类型日粮奶牛体外消化性能与甲烷产生量比较

Effects of Diet Composition on in Vitro Digestibility and Methane Emissions of Cows

为控制动物甲烷排放提供参考依据,以奶牛为瘤胃液供体动物,采用体外消化法进行了日粮类型对CH4产生量及其与消化性能关系的研究。结果表明,日粮精粗比均为40∶60的条件下,粗料为玉米秸秆青贮日粮的CH4产生量、消化单位干物质(DM)的CH4产生量、单位消化能量的CH4产生量比粗料为干玉米秸秆日粮分别减少了30%、37%、32%,差异显著(P<0.05);粗料均为玉米秸秆青贮的条件下,精粗比60∶40日粮的CH4产生量、消化单位DM的CH4产生量、单位消化能量的CH4产生量比精粗比40∶60日粮分别减少了21%、23%、23%,差异显著(P<0.05)。玉米秸秆经过青贮处理或适当增加日粮中精料比例可以显著减少甲烷的产生,同时可以提高干物质消化率和消化能比例。

Animal production is a major greenhouse gas emission source in agricultural sector,and ruminants are the most important animal of methane（CH4）emissions,and mitigation of CH4 emissions from ruminants has been a hot topic in the world.To investigate the effects of diet forage：concentrate ratio on in vitro digestibility and methane emissions of cows,two diet forage：concentrate ratios（F/C）of 40∶60 and 60∶40,two different forage ingredients of corn stalk silage（CSS）and dry corn stalk（DCS）were studies in vitro experiments,and the results were ex-pected to be useful in strategy development of methane mitigation in cows in the future.The results showed that diet ingredients significantly affected CH4 emissions（P0.05）at a fixed F/C of 40∶60,CH4 emissions from CSS were 30%,37% and 32% less than DCS in terms of total amount,mL CH4 emitted/kg dry matter（DM）,mL CH4 emitted/MJ digestible energy（DE）,respectively.When CSS forage was selected,changing F/C from 40∶60 to 60∶40,the total amount of CH4 emissions,mL CH4 emitted/kg DM,mL CH4 emitted/MJ DE reduced by 21%,23% and 23%,respectively,significant differences（P0.05）were observed.Therefore,both enhancing concentrate content in cow diet and silage treatment of corn stalk could reduce methane emissions and improve digestibility and DE.