北京城乡居民人群中的吸烟问题——3000个家庭的流行病学研究

Smoking Problems in Inhabitants of Beijing An epidemiological study of 3000 families

目的：了解９０年代初北京城乡居民吸烟状况及与吸烟有关的因素。方法：采用对３０００户计７０７７人的流行学调查。结果：显示北京市城乡居民的吸烟率为２２５８％，烟草依赖率为６４６％，几乎占吸烟人数的１／３。男性吸烟率为４１４６％，女性吸烟率为５３５％。农村地区吸烟率高于城市（２５９０％和１９７５％）。５０岁以上的女性吸烟率有上升的趋势。每日吸烟达２０支以上的重度吸烟者近于１／２。在对烟草价格选择上，以低廉价格为最多（８６３２％）。有１／３吸烟依赖者戒烟后出现渴求吸烟，焦虑、易怒、瞌睡、头痛及胃肠不适等症状。

Objective:to investigate the prevalence of smoking in inhabitants of Beijing Method:7070 inhabitants of 3000 families(randomly selected from residence booklet)in Beijing area were investigated with a self made questionnaire Result:the overall prevalence of smoking of inhabitants of Beijing was 22 58% The prevalence of tobacco dependence was 6 46%,nearly one third of the smokers Prevalence of smoking in male was 41 46%,female was 5 35% Prevalence in rural area(25 90%)was higher than that in urban(19 75%) Nearly one half smokers smoked 20 or more cigarettes per day Most smokers(86 23%) chose cheap cigarettes Most female smokers were more than 50 years old One third tobacco dependent persons had obvious withdrawal symptoms,including thirst for cigarettes,anxiety,irritable,sleepiness,headache and gastrointestinal discomfort Conclusion:smoking problem is very serious in Beijing