曹操“孙子研究”初探

Study on Cao Cao's "Study of Sun Tzu"

历史上,曹操确是一将《孙子兵法》联系实际、学以致用的典范,其生平战例中处处闪耀着孙子的身影;而《曹操注孙子》又是曹操"孙子研究"的最重要载体,所以,《曹操注孙子》在学术史上的地位非常崇高,其影响自然也异常巨大;但曹操毕竟不是一名专职的学者,且春秋战国时代的学术环境,学者们的认知特点及思维习惯,与秦汉以后是很不一样的,正源于那些学术断层、文献失落和"独尊儒术"的影响,使得身处汉末战乱时期的他,已难以去真正找回《孙子兵法》失去的"旨要",这样,跨越曹操,还原孙子,成为当代孙子研究学者一项十分重要的任务。

In history,Cao Cao is a model of connecting The Art of War with the reality and learning for practice. He experienced many battles in his life,in which Sun Tzu＇s image could be found everywhere. The Art of War Annotated by Cao Cao is the most important carrier of Cao Cao＇s study of Sun Tzu. Therefore,it occupies a highly position in academic history and has tremendous influence. However,Cao Cao is not a professional scholar and the academic environment in Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period and scholars＇ cognitive characteristics and habits of mind are different from that in the period after Qin and Han Dynasties. Due to the influence of the academic fracture,documents lost and worshiping Confucianism exclusively,it was hard for Cao Cao to retrieve the lost gist of The Art of War. Hence, how to surpass Cao Cao and retrieve Sun Tzu becomes a very important task for contemporary scholars who are studying Sun Tzu.