危险化学品公路运输事故新特点及对策研究

Study on new characteristics and the countermeasures of road transportation accident of hazardous chemicals

统计分析了2008年1月～2010年5月我国发生的485起危险化学品公路运输事故。从事故发生的原因、事故涉及的化学品、事故造成的危害、事故发生的月份分布及年份变化等几个方面,分析了近年来危险化学品公路运输事故的新特点及变化规律。经统计分析,道路交通事故是引发危险化学品运输事故的主要原因之一;侧翻是危险化学品车辆最容易发生的道路交通事故;而随着我国高速公路的迅猛发展,追尾造成的危险化学品运输事故数量呈上升趋势;危险化学品公路运输过程中易燃液体事故起数最多,爆炸品和毒性物质事故造成的人员伤亡最严重;春节前后取代夏季,成为近两年危险化学品运输事故高发期。针对这些特点,对我国危险化学品公路运输安全管理与监控提出了建议。

Statistics about 485 hazardous chemicals accidents by road transportation in January 2008 ～ May 2010 in China was analyzed in this paper.It showed that the hazardous chemicals accidents in road transportation turn up some new features and variations in recent years,related to the cause of accidents,chemicals involved in accidents,the consequence of the accidents and the distribution and the changes in the year.The results showed that road traffic accident is one of the main causes of hazardous chemicals accidents,rollover is most likely to cause road traffic accidents of hazardous chemicals vehicles.With the rapid development of China highway,the hazardous chemical transportation accidents caused by pileup shows an upward trend in quantity.In the process of hazardous chemicals road transportation,inflammable liquid accidents has the largest percentage and explosives and toxic substances accident casualties is the most serious.Spring festival instead of summer become the peak seasons of hazardous chemicals transport accident.At last,some advices on the hazardous chemical safety management and monitoring of road transportation were proposed.