丙烯腈装置安全预警及控制技术研究

Research on safety prior-warning and control technology of acrylonitrile plant

丙烯腈生产装置危险性极高,其主要设备大部分为压力容器、压力管道;其原料、中间产物、产品、副产品理化性质复杂,具有易燃、易爆、剧毒的特点。为提高丙烯腈生产企业管理水平,实现丙烯腈生产的远程监控、实时预警、过程控制和应急控制,为装置处于非正常工况下快速有序地实施风险控制,降低事故危害,减少事故损失提供技术支持,达到丙烯腈装置安全平稳生产的目的。在对某炼化企业丙烯腈生产装置风险分析的基础上,确定需监控的重点设备和关键参数,通过OPC通讯技术实时采集DCS操作参数数据并进行多参数趋势预警分析,建立起丙烯腈装置非正常工况下安全预警系统。系统主要包括关键参数安全预警分析、偏差标准操作处置程序、突发事件的应急评估、相关辅助信息等技术内容,涵盖安全保障的预防、预警、应急和处置的各个环节,实现了多参数实时监控、自动预警和应急辅助决策。

The risk of vinylcyanide process units is extremely high,the major installation are pressure vessel and pressure piping;the raw material,the intermediary product,product and sideline product physics and chemistry nature is complex,which has the flammable,explosive and violently poisonous characteristics,In order to improve the level of enterprise management in acrylonitrile production,realize long-range supervision,real-time warning,process control and emergency control over acrylonitrile production,promptly and sequentially put risk limitation into force and reduce the harm and loss of accidents,as well as provide the technical assistance when the equipments are under disordered mode,and at last for the purpose of safety and steady production of acrylonitrile equipments,the key equipments that need supervision and their essential parameters have been ensured and safety prior-warning system for acrylonitrile equipments when they are under disordered mode has been established by the DCS operating parameters immediately collected by OPC communication technology and the prior-warning analysis of these parameters and their trend,rest on the fundmental analysis over the risk of the equipments of acrylonitrile production.Covering all the links of prevention,prior-warning,emergency and disposition of safety insurance,this system mainly include saftey prior-warning analysis of the essential parameters,disposal procedure of operation standard deviation,emergency evaluation of sudden event reference assisting information and so on,and in conclusion,it bring about the real-time supervision of multi-parameter,automatically prior-warning and assistant decision in emergency.