超稀碘试液制片鉴别生药淀粉粒的实验研究

Experimental research on microscopical discrimination of starch grain in crude drugs by hand-sliced method with Ultra-diluted iodic reagents

目的:建立一种可清晰分辨生药淀粉粒形态特征、预测淀粉粒结构属性的显微鉴别方法。方法:用0.001～0.002mol/L超稀碘试液制片,在光学显微镜下观察生药淀粉粒的形态特征。结果:淀粉粒着色呈浅淡蓝色、浅淡紫红色或浅淡蓝紫色,能清晰分辨淀粉粒的轮廓、脐点及层纹,可使一些脐点、层纹不甚明显的多面体形、三角形、小类圆形等形态的单粒淀粉粒,易与一些不被着色的形态、色泽相似的草酸钙砂晶、棱晶,白色体,油滴、油室及颗粒状物等易混淆物相区别,极大地提高了鉴别生药淀粉粒的准确性和工作效率。结论:0.00～0.002mol/L超稀碘试液制片法,是显微鉴别生药淀粉粒形态特征、预测淀粉粒结构属性的科学方法。

Objective：To find a new microscopical discrimination method,in order to clearly discriminate the modal characters of starch grain in crude drugs,analytically predict cyto-architectonics of starch grain.Methods：By hand-sliced method with 0.001-0.002 mol/LUltra-diluted iodic reagents,observe the modal characters of starch grain under the optical microscopy.Results：The colour of starch grain were changed to pale blue,or reddish-lavender,or pale purple-blue,and people could clearly discriminate the figure,centre and texture gradient.It could help to be different from some single starch grains with polyhedron shape,triangle shape,round like shape and other kinds of shape,which were not obvious in centre and texture gradient.It also could help to be different from uncolorable objects,calcium oxalate crystals,prisms crystals,leucoplast,oil droplets,oil rooms,granulated objects and other confusable objects,which were similar to the starch grain in shape and color.This method could definitely improve the veracity and working efficiency on discrimination of starch grain.Conclusion：hand-sliced method with 0.001-0.002 mol/L Ultra-diluted iodic reagents is a scientific method for microscopical discrimination on the modal characters of starch grain in crude drugs,and for analytical prediction on cy to-architectonics of starch grain.