1Black P.and William D.Assessment and Classroom Learning.Assessment in Education,1998,(5):1-74.
2Black P.,Harrison C.,Lee C.,Marshall B.and William,D.Assessment for Learning:Putting it into Practice.Backingham:Open University Press,2003.
3Harlen W.,Deakin Crick R.A Systematic Review of the Impact of Summative Assessment and Tests on Students' Motivation for Learning.London:EPPI-Centre,Social Science Research Unit,Institute of Education,2002.
4Rowe M.Reflections on Wait-time:Some Methodological Questions.Journal of Research in Soience Teaching,1974,(3):721-730.
1Genesee F & Upshur J A. Classroom-based evaluation in second language education[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1996.
2Hamp-Lyons L & Condon W. Assessing the portfolio: Principles for practice, theory & research[M].Mount Waverly: Hampton Press, Inc , 2000.
3Hein G & Price S. Active assessment for active science[M]. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1994.
4National Council oF Teachers oF Mathematics. Assessment standards For school mathematics [M]. Reston,VA: NCTM, 1995.
5National Research Council. Classroom assessment and the National Science Education Standards [M].Committee on Classroom Assessment and the National Science Education Standards. J M Atkin, P Black, J Coffey (eds.). Center for Education, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education.Washington, DC: National Academy press, 2001.
6Rassi j A. Rational for formative assessment component in new audiology certification standards. 1999.Retrieved March 30, 2003, from http://professional, asha. org/academic/Rassi Formative Assess. cfm.
7Sadler, D. R. Formative assessment and the design of instructional systems[J]. Instructional Science, 1989,18(2): 119--144.
8Simpson M. Developing differentiation practices: Meeting the needs of teachers and pupils [J]. The Curricuium Journal, 1997, 8(1) : 85 -- 104.
9Simpson M. Diagnostic and formative assessment in the Scottish classroom[A]. In T G K Bryce and W.M. Humes (eds.) Scottish Education[M]. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1999.
10Stiggins R J. Assessment crisis: The absence of assessment for learning[J]. Phi Delta Kappan, 2002, 83(10) : 758--765.
