山东省三峡移民生命质量研究

Studying the Life Quality of Migrants from Three Gorges Area in Shandong Province.

目的:了解三峡移民的生命质量状况,分析其生命质量的影响因素。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法获得样本山东省济南市、济宁市和淄博市三峡移民324人、以当地居民270人作为对照。用SF-36量表测量患者的生命质量,并采用自制问卷调查移民及当地居民的基本情况。结果:三峡移民的生命质量得分低于当地居民(P<0.01),对移民生命质量影响最大的因素是:生活适应程度、个人收入满意度、两周是否患病、文化程度等。建议:政府相关部门建立管理移民工作的长效机制,帮助其解决实际生活中遇到的各种问题,使其尽快融入当地;为移民中提供多种就业渠道,并对其加强各项劳动技能、专业技术的相关培训,使其拥有一技之长,从而迅速走上致富之路;完善农村三级医疗预防保健网、加强疾病尤其是慢性病的防治,完善医疗保障体系。

Objective：To investigate the life quality of migrants from Three Gorge Reservoir Area and analyze its influencing factors. Methods ：324 cases of migrants were chosen from Jinan, Jining and Zibo by cluster sampling method. And 270 cases of local residents were selected as control. Their general information was surveyed with self - made questionnaire. Short Form - 36 was used to measure the migrants＇ life quality. Results ：The score of migrants＇ life quality was lower than that of local residents. Its main influencing factors were adaptation of life, satisfaction with personal income, sickness prevalence rate in recent two weeks and degree of education. Conclusion ： The government should establish long - term supportive system to adapt migrants to the new environment. Technical training should be provided to enhance their working ability and help them become richer. Medical insurance and health care services, especially on chronic diseases, are also needed to avoid their being impoverished by health expenditures.