基于元胞自动机的道路交通堵塞仿真研究

Study of Traffic Congestion's Simulation Based on Cellular Automaton Model

意外交通事件的发生会干扰正常的交通流秩序,甚至引起交通堵塞。建立交通意外事件影响下的交通流仿真模型,将能有效地对拥堵传播控制进行研究。对堵塞车流中车辆个体的行为特征进行了详尽分析后,通过设置"挤车变道"规则对现有的元胞自动机模型进行了改进,建立起一种适合描述交通堵塞传播的元胞自动机模型。该模型能够较为准确地模拟出堵塞交通流的时空传播过程。最后,利用本模型探索了主要交通流参数对堵塞传播的影响规律。

Traffic incidents will reduce the traffic capacity,and even cause the traffic congestion. So building an effective simulation model is necessary to study the rules of congestion＇s propagating. The behavioral characteristics of individual vehicles in the traffic jam are different from others,but the current traffic CA （cellular automaton） models neglect those differences. The differences were taken into account by introducing some new rules into the old CA model. With the new CA model,the process of traffic congestion＇s propagating could be simulated correctly. Lastly,the relationships between congestion＇s propagating and some traffic parameters were explored by this model.