兰竹荔枝花、果及营养枝主要矿质营养需求量研究

Requirement of Main Mineral Nutrition in Litchi 'Lanzu'

对35年生兰竹荔枝结果树开花、结果和营养枝生长过程主要矿质营养需求量进行了研究。结果表明,兰竹荔枝年产93.08 kg/株,全年在开花、结果和二次秋梢生长所需要的主要矿质营养分别为:N 1 821.55 g,P366.67 g,K 1 865.11 g,Ca 400.31 g,Mg 214.12 g。营养需求分二个阶段,第一是开花、结果阶段,以K和N为主,N、P、K、Ca、Mg比例为1:0.23:1.23:0.14:0.11;第二是采后营养枝生长阶段,以N为主,N、P、K、Ca、Mg比例为1:0.17:0.75:0.33:0.13。研究结果可为荔枝平衡施肥提供营养需求参考指标。

The requirement of main mineral nutrition during the branching, flowering, and fruiting in Lanzu, a 35 years old variety of Litchi chinensis Sonn, was studied. The results showed yield was 93.08 kg, and the annual requirement of pure N , P , K , Ca, and Mg was 1 821.55 g, 3 66.67 g, 1 865.11 g, 400.31 g 214.12 g per plant. The nutritional requirement could be divided into two periods. During the first period （flowering and fruiting）, K and N were dominant, and the N ： P ： K ： Ca ： Mg was 1 ： 0.23 ： 1.23 ： 0.14 ： 0.11, while in the second period （vegetative shoot growing after harvest）, N was dominant, and the N：P：K：Ca： Mg was 1 ： 0.17 ： 0.75 ： 0.33 ： 0.13.