新儒家的法治观念:贺麟对法治的想象与期待

The Idea of Rule of Law of the Neo-Confucians:He Lin's Imagination and Expectation

现代新儒家的法治观念,处于哲学与法学两大学科的交叉点上,既体现了新儒家"外王之学"的一个维度,同时也丰富了现代中国法治观念的世界。按照贺麟等新儒家代表人物对于法治的认知,法治应当是仁者之治,法治应当是智者之治,法治应当是众人之治,法治应当是心性与德性之外化。在渊源上,新儒家的法治观念是传统中国的思孟学派所开启的心性儒学的产物,同时也借鉴了古希腊柏拉图的人治思想以及西方近现代的民主思想,因而可以视为中西与古今交汇的产物。在思想品性方面,新儒家的法治观念体现了守先待后的文化保守主义的思维模式。在思想贡献方面,现代新儒家阐述的法治观念,既反映了这个思想群体对于未来中国文明秩序的想象与期待,也体现了这个群体在一个贞下起元的时代,为重建、安顿未来的中华文明秩序所作出的智识努力。当然,既要认真对待新儒家法治观念的积极意义,也要认真反思其局限性。

The idea of rule of law of the modern Neo-Confucians reflected a dimension of the Neo-Confucianism,but also enriched the concept of rule of law in modern China.According to the Neo-Confucianism represented by He Lin and so on,the rule of law should be ruled by the benevolence,by the wise,by the people,and by the moral.In the origin,the idea of rule of law of the modern Neo-Confucians came from the Mencius,but also from the Plato and the democratic ideas man of the modern western.In nature,the idea of rule of law of the modern Neo-Confucians embodies the thinking mode of culture conservatism.In history,the idea of rule of law of the modern Neo-Confucians reflects the civilization order for the future China imagined by the Neo-Confucians.