杭州市儿童手足口病危险因素研究

Risk factors of hand,food and mouth disease among children in Hangzhou city

目的了解杭州市儿童手足口病发病的危险因素。方法在杭州4家医院,对临床诊断为手足口病患儿进行采样检测。130例实验室诊断为手足口病病例为病例组,同期在同所医院就诊非感染性疾病患儿作为对照组。制定统一的调查表进行调查,资料采用SPSS 13.0软件单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果单因素分析结果有统计学意义的变量包括流动人口、大小便能自理、便后洗手、看护人接受过防治知识及接触史共5项因素。多因素分析结果显示,流动人口（OR=2.266,95%CI：1.092-4.705）、共用玩具（OR=2.517,95%CI：1.160-4.009）、与患者有接触史（OR=21.698,95%CI：6.099-77.194）为促进因素;大小便能自理（OR=0.258,95%CI：0.141-0.472）为保护因素。结论接触传播是手足口病的主要传播方式,养成良好的卫生习惯对于控制手足口病的传播意义重大。

Objective To assess the risk factors of hand,foot and mouth disease among children in Hangzhou city.Methods Children clinically diagnosed as hand,foot and mouth disease from 4 hospitals in Hangzhou were sampled for the assessment.The patient group consisted of 130 laboratory confirmed cases,while the control group comprised those with non-infectious diseases in the same hospitals during the same period.Using unified questionnaire surveys,the relevant information were collected and analyzed by unconditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression in SPSS 13.0.Results Univariate analysis showed 5 statistically significant factors,including ＂floating population＂,＂control of urine and fecal discharges＂,＂wash hands after defecation＂,＂nurses have received prevention and control education＂ and ＂history of contact with patients＂.Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the contributing factors were ＂floating population＂（OR=2.266,95%CI：1.092-4.705）,＂sharing toys with other children＂（OR=2.517,95%CI：1.160-4.009） and ＂contact with patients＂（OR=21.698,95%CI：6.099-77.194）;while ＂control of urine and fecal discharges＂（OR=0.258,95%CI：0.141-0.472） served as a protective factor.Conclusion Hand,foot and mouth disease is mainly transmitted through casual contact.Good hygiene habits are essential to control of the spread of this disease.