基于学习曲线的ERP实施培训时间决策模型

Decision Model of Training Time in ERP Implementation Based on Learning Curve

通过分析ERP项目的特点,将学习曲线引入到ERP实施的研究中,基于学习曲线理论刻画企业的工作效率随项目时间变化的规律。在此基础上,将ERP项目抽象为前期的培训和后期的具体实施两个阶段,以项目实施周期和咨询成本最小为目标,建立ERP实施培训时间决策模型,通过培训时间控制并预测ERP项目的整体周期,进一步利用遗传算法对模型进行优化求解。为区分信息化基础不同的企业在项目初期工作效率的差异,在模型中加入初始工作效率这一变量,通过企业的信息化基础水平间接地测算企业的初始工作效率;结合行为导向的实证研究结果,在模型中限定培训时间的取值范围,解决多个近似解之间的取舍问题。案例研究表明,模型在实际应用中可以起到较好的优化和预测效果,能够为企业制定ERP项目计划和投资预算提供决策支持。

By analyzing the characteristics of ERP implementation project, this paper introduces learning curve in the study of ERP implementation, and describes organizational performance variation pattern with time based on learning curve theory. On the basis of that, the whole ERP implementation project time is divided into primary training time and subsequent implementation time. A decision model of training time was built based on the objective of ERP project time and consultation cost minimization, so as to control and forecast the whole ERP project time through training time, in the meanwhile, genetic algorithm was applied to simplify the calculation procedure of the model. To differentiate the primary work efficiency of different enterprises, the primary work efficiency variable was added in the model, and was evaluated indirectly by enterprise information foundation level. Besides, a limitation condition of training time was added to solve the problem of muhiple approximate optimal solutions according to the behavior-oriented empirical research results. The case study shows a satisfied predicted effect of the model, suggesting that the model can provide decision support for the enterprise in making project plan and establishing project investment budget.