FDI溢出、吸收能力与东道国IT产业的发展

FDI Spillover,Absorptive Capacity and Development of IT Industry in Host Country

通过构建东道国企业与跨国公司在IT产业的Bertrand博弈竞争模型,探讨东道国企业的技术能力、内外资企业市场竞争、行业特征、知识产权等微观、中观、宏观因素对跨国公司技术转移的吸收利用,并以分位数回归法分析吸收能力对FDI溢出效应的影响。研究结果表明,在内外资企业技术差距不大、竞争充分的条件下,竞争机制和东道国企业的技术创新能力是决定FDI溢出效应和技术转移的有效机制。东道国变量对处于不同分位的FDI溢出存在非对称性影响,具体而言,研发投入对FDI溢出的正向影响在条件分布的高端和低端最为显著,FDI的溢出效应随着技术差距和人力资本存量由条件分布的低端向高端变动都呈现出先增后减的变化趋势,知识产权保护程度的加大虽能促进FDI的流入,但不利于FDI的技术溢出,网络效应对FDI技术溢出具有较小但平稳的正向影响。

In this study, we established the Bertrand competition game model of domestic firms and multinational corporations in the information industry, analyzing impacts of micro, meso and macro factors, for example technical capability of domestic enterprises, competition within foreign and domestic enterprises, industry characteristics and intellectual property, on the absorpfion of technology transfer. Then we made use of quantile regression method to analyze the impact of absorptive capacity on FDI spillover effect. The results show that, the competitive mechanisms of domestic and foreign-fund enterprises, as well as the absorb capability of host enterprises, is effective to determine FDI spillover and technology transfer, when the competifive gap of domestic and foreign-fund enterprises isn＇t large and the competition is full. There are non-symmetry influences of host variables on FDI spillover effects in different quantile. Concretely, positive effect of R＆D on FDI spillover is the most significant at the high-end and low-end distribution. As the technology gap and stock of human capital change from the low-end to the high-end of distribution, the FDI spillover effects show a trend from increasing to decreasing. While the degree of intellectual property rights protection can promote the inflow of FDI, it is not conducive to FDI spillovers. In addition, network effects have small but steady positive impact on FDI spillover.