抽油机节能方案研究

Studying on the Power Saving Arrangement of Pumping Units

针对常规游梁式抽油机表现出的诸多问题,对现有抽油机节能技术进行了分析,提出引起抽油机高能耗的主要矛盾是动态跟踪平衡与偏心曲柄平衡块的大起动惯量造成的大容量电动机匹配之间的矛盾。目前,我国油田大多为低渗贫油田和开采后期的低产油井,地层油液渗流速度慢,大冲程抽油机对其不适用,且光杆匀速运动不利于渗流充泵。基于此,制定了以悬挂偏置游梁式抽油机为基本机型,选用开关磁阻电动机为动力源的新型节能方案,并对悬挂偏置游梁式抽油机进行了动力学特性分析,对开关磁阻电动机的控制系统进行了设计分析。试验表明,该方案符合我国油田的实际情况,动态平衡度较高,电动机与悬点载荷匹配性能好,节能效果显著。

For many problems of conventional beam pumping units, available power saving technologies of pumping units are analyzed, and the main contradictory of high dissipation of energy about pumping units is pointed out.It is a contradictory between the dynamic balance and mismatching high-capacity motor of pumping units with large starting inertia made by the biased crank and balancing weight.At present,most of oil-fields are tight and hungry in China,and the production and Darcy velocity of fluid of formation is small,so pumping units with long stroke are not applicable for them,moreover,constant speed of rod does not benefit for effluent seepage and pumping.Based on this,and a new plan is made.It is the composition of the suspension biased walking beam pumping units and the switched reluctance motor.The dynamics character is analyzed on the suspension biased walking beam pumping units,and control system of SRD is designed.The testing indicated that the plan is suitable for our oil-field,and dynamic balance is much better, the matching is well between the rod load and the motor,and the effect of power saving is obvious.