头面颈部皮肤软组织缺损的显微外科修复

Microsurgical repair of skin and soft tissue defects on head, face, and neck

目的 总结探讨头面颈部皮肤软组织缺损的游离皮瓣修复方法 . 方法 2007年7月-2010年5月,笔者单位共收治此类患者31例,包括头皮缺损10例、面部皮肤软组织缺损4例、颈部皮肤软组织缺损17例.其中由外伤引起的皮肤软组织缺损20例,瘢痕挛缩松解后继发缺损11例.采用游离皮瓣（背阔肌皮瓣13例、侧胸皮瓣3例、肩胛皮瓣5例、股前外侧皮瓣10例）修复创面,皮瓣面积8 cm×5 cm～25 cm × 18 cm. 结果皮瓣全部成活,创面均一次性愈合.患者平均住院时间为16.7 d.28例患者随访2个月,皮瓣外观、功能良好. 结论 以显微外科为基础的游离皮瓣移植可一次性修复头面颈部皮肤软组织缺损创面,减轻患者痛苦、缩短住院时间.

Objective To study the microsurgical method of repairing skin and soft tissue defects on head, face, and neck. Methods Thirty-one patients with skin and soft tissue defects on the head, face,or neck were hospitalized from July 2007 to May 2010, including 10 cases of scalp defects, 4 cases of skin and soft tissue defects on face, and 17 cases of skin and soft tissue defects on neck. Among them, the cause in 20 cases was trauma, and in 11 cases they were secondary to release of cicatricial contraction. Free flaps were transplanted to repair the wounds, including 13 latissimus dorsi flaps, 3 lateral thoracic flaps, 5 scapular flaps, and 10 anterolateral thigh flaps. The area of flaps ranged from 8 cm ×5 cm to 25 cm× 18 cm.Results All flaps survived, and all the wounds healed by first intention. The average length of hospital stay was 16.7 days. Twenty-eight patients were followed up for 2 months, and in all of them satisfactory function and appearance were restored. Conclusions Free flap graft based on microsurgery can repair wound of skin and soft tissue defects on head, face and neck by a single operation, which eases suffering of patients,and shortens the length of hospital stay.