特低渗透油藏开发技术

DEVELOPMENT TECHNIQUE FOR EXTREME LOW PERMEABILITY RESERVOIR,

特低渗透油藏的开发是一个世界性难题，但开发特低渗透油藏对稳定国内石油产量具有重要意义。结合近年来国外以及国内特低渗透油田的开发实践和部分理论研究成果，探讨该类油藏的特点，提出了合理开发该类油藏的新技术，主要有：（１）油层改造技术，该技术主要包括：①多缝加砂支撑压裂；②低压油井的泡沫压裂技术；③高砂比压裂；④水力化学压裂技术。（２）油层保护技术；（３）注水注气技术；（４）三次采油技术，该技术包括：①非常规物理振动技术和压裂技术相结合；②化学生热驱油技术；③微生物采油技术；④化学驱采油技术；（５）机械采油技术；（６）水平井技术。

Development of extreme low-permeability reservoir is a quite difficult problem.But this is important for stabilization of oil production in China.In this paper,some new technique is proposed by combining foreign and domestic development practice and theoretical research of extreme low-permeability reservoir.These techniques include (1) reservoir improvement technique that include multi-slit sand fracturing and foam fracturing for low pressure oil wells and high sand rate fracturing and hydraulic fracturing and (2) reservoir protection technique and (3) water injection and gas injection technique and (4) tertiary recovery technique that include recovery technique combining fracturing and non-regular physical shaking,oil displacement technique by using heat produced from chemical reaction,micro-organism recovery technique,and chemical stimulation recovery technique and (5) mechanical recovery technique and (6) horizontal well technique.