元素地球化学特征的多元统计方法研究──长江与黄河沉积物元素地球化学研究

MULTIPLE STATISTIC STUDY OF ELEMENT GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS ELEMENT GEOCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE CHANGJIANG AND HUANGHE SEDIMENTS

运用因子分析、聚类分析及相关分析等多种多元统计分析方法对长江与黄河表层沉积物化学成分进行的分析表明，长江与黄河沉积物的常量与微量元素组成具有显著差异。除Ｃａ，Ｎａ，Ｓｒ，Ｂａ，Ｔｈ，Ｚｒ，Ｈｆ等元素外，长江相对富大多数常量及微量元素。表生环境中元素具有不同的迁移、富集规律，多数元素主要以吸附态搬运而在粘土中富集，而Ｃａ，Ｎａ，Ｓｒ，Ｚｒ，Ｈｆ及一些重稀土元素则在粗粒级中含量较高。元素活动性也存在明显差异。元素在表生环境中地球化学行为的不同主要受化学结构特征控制。

Factor analysis, cluster and correlation analyses are applied to the study of element compositions of the Changjiang and Huanghe sediments. Element composition of the Changjiang sediment is greatly different from that of the Huanghe sediment in which the former is rich in most major and rare element. Elements are of different behaviors of migration and enrichment.Most elements transport in forms of absorption and accumulate in clay during sediment formation while Ca, Na, Sr, Zr, Hf and some heavy rare earth elements are rich in coarse grains and transport forms of dissolution and clastic particles respectively. Differences of element mobility are evident. Element geochemical behaviors in hypergene environment are mainly controlled by chemical structures of elements.